Introduction to the characteristics of CNC machine tool spindle drive system

With the continuous improvement of productivity, the improvement of the machine structure and the expansion of the processing range, the speed and power of the spindle of the machine tool are also continuously improved, the range of the spindle speed is continuously expanded, the constant power speed range of the spindle is larger, and there is automatic The spindle's spindle stop function for tool change.
In order to achieve the above requirements, the spindle drive must be driven by a stepless speed control system. Under normal circumstances, the spindle drive has only speed control requirements, and a small number of position control requirements, so the spindle control system only has a speed control loop.
Since the spindle requires a constant power speed regulation range, it is unreasonable to use a permanent magnet motor, and a separately excited DC servo motor and a cage induction AC servo motor are often used.
The main rotary motion of CNC machine tools does not require a screw or other linear motion mechanism. The spindle drive and feed drive of the machine tool are very different.
In the early years, CNC machine tools used DC spindle drive systems. However, due to the commutation limitation of DC motors, the constant power speed range of most systems is very small. With the development of microprocessor technology and high-power transistor technology, the spindle drive of CNC machine tools began to use the AC spindle drive system in the early 1980s. At present, the newly produced CNC machine tools at home and abroad basically adopt the AC spindle drive system, and the AC spindle drive system will completely replace the DC spindle drive system. This is because the AC motor is not limited in terms of high speed and large capacity like the DC motor, and the performance of the AC spindle drive system has reached the level of the DC drive system, and even the noise is reduced, and the price is also driven by the DC spindle. The system is low. (Finish)

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