For the ordinary lathe, 616 is numerically modified, mainly transforming the longitudinal and horizontal feed system into a feed servo system capable of independent movement controlled by a microcomputer; the tool holder is transformed into a rotary tool holder capable of automatic tool change. In this way, with the numerical control device, the lathe can be machined according to the pre-entered machining instructions. Due to the cutting parameters during the machining process, the cutting sequence and the tool are automatically adjusted and replaced according to the program. Together with the vertical and horizontal feed linkage function, the CNC modified lathe can machine complex rotary parts of various shapes. And can realize multi-step automatic turning, which improves production efficiency and machining accuracy, and can also adapt to the processing of small batches and complex parts. The overall scheme design should consider the movement mode of the CNC system, servo system and so on. After the NC lathe transformation of the ordinary lathe, it should have positioning vertical and horizontal and crepe processing, so the CNC system selects the continuous control system. After the CNC machine is modified, it belongs to the economical CNC machine tool. Under the premise of ensuring the precision of machining, the structure should be simplified and the cost should be reduced. therefore. The feed system uses a stepper motor open loop control system. According to the processing precision of the largest machining size of the ordinary lathe, and the economical requirements, the economical CNC lathe uses an 8-bit microcomputer. In the 8-bit weaning, MCS51 series MCU has the advantages of high integration, good reliability, strong speed, high anti-interference ability and high performance-price ratio. Therefore, the 551 series MCU expansion system can be selected. Design automatic rotary tool holder and its control circuit. Longitudinal and lateral feeds are two separate drive trains that are driven by stepper motors. The gear pair screw, the mother and the auxiliary, the transmission ratio should meet the resolution required by the machine tool. In order to ensure the transmission accuracy and stability of the feed servo system, the ball screw 蜒 mother pair with high friction and high transmission efficiency is selected, and a pre-tensioning mechanism should be provided to improve the transmission rigidity and eliminate the gap. The gear pair should also have a mechanism to eliminate the flank clearance. The hardware design of the CNC system takes into consideration the versatility and universality, and selects the 8031 ​​chip in the MCS51 series. For the design of the numerical control system controlled by 8031 ​​single-chip microcomputer, the system is mainly composed of central processing unit é“‹31 single-chip chip read-only memory 276488, piece static memory 62648 parent 8 piece programmable interface chip 8155 piece programmable keyboard display interface chip 8279 The chip address latch 7乩3373 and the two-chip decoding å¡8031 are 8-bit MCUs, which are sets, ports and parts only as the body controller, with low price, full size, small programming flexibility, large development means, complete hardware. Rich in resources and so on. Most of the 8031 ​​microcontrollers are used in domestic economical CNC systems. The chip has 128 bytes of data memory RAM inside, the internal address is, only 7 have a lot of operation instructions for the on-chip data memory, access by direct addressing or indirect addressing. These 128 byte units are available as data buffer stacks and working registers. However, the application of the on-chip RAM is often not enough, so the external 6264 chip is used to expand the 8031 ​​size 1 memory. The 8031 ​​is a single-chip microcomputer with no 0-foot 01. It must expand the program memory and store the control program, so the external chip 2764 chip is connected. The input and output lines provided by the 8031 ​​itself are not enough. Only one port and part of the port line are used to connect with external devices. However, if there are more settings, it can not meet the needs, so in the application system, it is necessary to connect the 8155 chip to the 8031 ​​external expansion port. The 8031 ​​is a 40-pin dual in-line device with four bidirectional 8-bit 10-port 3. port and 2. The port is used as an address bus. The 16-bit address bus is provided with the lower 8 bits by the port address lock memory 7乩5373. 7, the high 8 bit 815 is provided directly by the mouth. The 8-bit data bus is provided by the port so that the data bus is shared with the address bus. 51 is the address latch enable. When the lower 8-bit address is sent, 1 is valid and latched into 745373, which is invalid when the data is sent. Pretend to wear before 97, female. Northern State. State University's Department of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, assistant teaching 8031 ​​control CNC system design Lang Li in the selection of memory, consider, 1; with the memory timing matching, if not matched, the data read and write operations, is not reliable. In order to solve the time matching question, the skin should try to use the chip. In addition, consider the maximum read speed operating temperature and storage capacity. The 2764 chip is a 0-memory circuit with a high-speed capacity of 88 parent 8 with a readout time of 25, while the 8031 ​​selects a crystal oscillator frequency of 6, and the read time is 48, which is sufficient for both. The 2764 is a 28-pin device. , is a 13-bit address line, 0., 07 is an 8-bit data line. The chip is an 8KB8 RAM memory circuit with very good integration. The chip has a read/write time of 200 and is also a 28-pin device. The lower 8 bits of line 7 are connected to the output of the 74143373 chip, and the 12 is connected to the 8031, 2. The 2.4,7415373 address latch directly transmits 8031. The lower 8 bits of the address when the strobe signal 1 is level. When the high level changes to the low level, the lower 8 bits are latched. ,corpse. The port can be used to transfer read and write data to the off-chip. The chip select control of the 8031 ​​MCU is implemented by the full address decoding method using the 74B 5138 decoder, 8031. The 52.2.7 ports are respectively connected with the 80 sleeves of the 7415138 decoder. The output terminal of the 74B 5138 decoder is connected to the 5 terminals of the 6264. The 5764 2.10 interface chip 8155 of the 2764 is a common interface circuit. It can be programmed with a square port and a 14-bit timer counter. It can be directly connected to the 8031 ​​without adding any hardware logic. It is a widely used chip in the microcontroller application system, in which the population acts as a control vertical and horizontal stepper motor interface. , 8-port control spindle forward and reverse feed speed adjustment, port control rotary tool holder, etc. The 8279 chip is a programmable keyboard display interface device. The single chip can complete the functions of keyboard scan input and 10 display control. It can automatically scan the display and recognize the key number of the key pressed on the keyboard. Improve the efficiency of the 0 port, greatly, less software workload. There is no special requirement for the connection between 8279 and MCU. In addition to the data line, it can be directly connected with 5 ft., and 6 is connected with the output line 3 of the 7415138 decoder. The Hanyang inverter of 8279 is connected with the interrupt request input line of the 8031. At the input end, the ruler is associated with the address latch control terminal 1 of the 8031. The 8279 keyboard can be configured with up to 88 keys, and actually uses 24 keys. The scan line signal is 5, 512 through the 8 column selection signals output by the 745138 decoder, and is connected to the keyboard column line. The keyboard line, the query only uses only 3 feedback lines, and the 8-bit common cathode 10 display configured by the keyboard line 8279 is connected. The word bit line is provided by the decoder driver by the scan line 3, 52. The line is made up of people. , 38., æä¾› is provided by the drive. CNC system software design CNC system software is a collection of programs that can complete various functions. The program adopts a modular design method, which mainly includes the monitoring module including the system initialization command processing cycle part processing program. Perform system self-tests, etc. Interpolation calculation module stepper motor control module error compensation module, etc. After the monitoring module system is initialized, the system enters the command processing program. For the system composed of the single-chip microcomputer, the loop processing program logic is generally used as the corresponding program module of the system. For economical CNC systems, part machining programs are usually input from the keyboard. The input data is converted into 300 codes by the data processing program into the specified buffer, that is, the source program area. The editing part program can be regarded as a keyboard command processing program, and the keyboard input can be combined into a body, which is used for inputting a new part processing source program from the keyboard, or in the editing state, in the input part processing program. The command data is edited and modified. The numerical control system analyzes the input commands and performs corresponding operations based on the analysis results. The diagnostic program is used to detect the correctness of the system's hardware and software functions, to find out where the system is faulty, and to indicate the type of fault. The numerical control system performs calculations based on the data provided in the workpiece machining program, such as the start point and end point of the type of the curve. According to the calculation result, the process of sending a feed pulse to each coordinate axis is the interpolation operation. The feed pulse is moved by the servo drive table or the tool to complete the processing of the program. The CNC system of the machine tool is edge-interpolated for machining and processing. It is a typical real-time control method. Therefore, the speed of the interpolation operation directly affects the feed rate of the machine tool, so the calculation time should be shortened as much as possible, which is the key to programming the interpolation operation program. The stepping motor control module 8031 ​​controls the driving program of the stepping motor, and can not only replace the variable frequency pulse source and the ring distributor and the like with the program, but also can easily realize the function of stepping motor speed control by the program. The machining error of the economical CNC machine tool is inevitable, but as long as the quantitative relationship of each link causing the machining error is clear, the correction value can be introduced in the programming, and the feed pulse can be adjusted to reduce and eliminate part of the error. The indispensable components of processing, according to China's national conditions, the numerical control of the old machine tool transformation is a cost-effective, especially local small and medium-sized enterprises, the amount of ordinary equipment is huge, CNC transformation machine as a central microprocessor is better. After the transformation, the automation degree and productivity of the original machine tool are greatly increased, and the cost is only the full-function CNC machine tool 13, Xiao Guangrun and so on. The principle and application of microcomputers. Wuhan Huazhong University of Science and Technology Press, 1996. Ming Xingzu. CNC machine tools and systems. Beijing China Renmin University Press, 2000 Liu Leshan and so on. Micro-metering machine interface technology principle and application. Wuhan Huazhong University of Science and Technology Press, 1996. Zhang Xinyi. Economical CNC machine tool system design. Beijing Mechanical Industry Press, 1994. (Finish) For copper scraps, whether it's turnings, chips, filings, shavings, cuttings, sawdust, drillings, borings, debris, granules or sludge, Ecohydraulic copper recycling machine can help. If your scraps are small chips, you can choose our Copper Briquette Machine to press your chips to be small blocks. If your scraps are shavings or turnings, you can choose our Copper Baler to press your chips to be square bales, if your scraps are big like pipe tube sheet plate rebar, etc., you can choose our copper shear to cut your scraps to be smaller pieces. 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