Changes in global LED bulb prices in December 2016

The research institute surveyed the price of LED bulbs (hereinafter referred to as 40W or 60W LED bulbs) of 40W grades and 60W grade incandescent lamps sold by major brands in major global markets to understand the global LED bulb price trends. It is reported that the data is based on the weight of the sales volume, the average price of the LED bulbs is calculated, and the price trend is reviewed every two months. In the Asian region, the average price of 40W and 60W LED bulbs in the Japanese market in December 2016 was 1,390 yen (about 12 US dollars) and 1,902 yen (about 16.7 US dollars), up 1.6% from October 2016. The decline was 0.5%, the former with Mitsubishi Electric's double monthly increase of 15.9%. The average price of the 40W and 60W grades in the Korean market is 7,957 won (about 6.4 US dollars) and 12,238 won (about 9.8 US dollars). The two are up 0.8% and down 2.7% from October 2016. The former is LG. The two-month increase was 5.6%. The average price of 7W and 9W for the general brands in the mainland was RMB 26.3 (about US$3.8) and RMB30.4, respectively, which was 5.4% lower than October 2016 and up 0.3%. In addition, the highest prices of mainland first-line brands 7W and 9W are Tsinghua Tongfang and Foshan Lighting, respectively, at RMB 31.5 and RMB 29.9. In the European and American markets, the average price of 40W and 60W LED bulbs in the US in December 2016 was 15.9 and 20.5 USD respectively, down 7.6% and 2.4% respectively from October of the same year. The former fell by 12.8% in Cree's two months, the latter. In Philips, the monthly decline was 11.6%; the average price of 40W and 60W LED bulbs in Europe was 7.0 euros (about 7.3 US dollars) and 9.4 euros (about 9.9 US dollars), up 4.5% and 19% respectively compared with October. The former rose by 37.1% to LG, while the latter rose by 47.3%. In December 2016, the highest price per unit price for the 40W and 60W grades was Philips and OSRAM in the Korean market, which were 133.3 lm/dollar and 262.1 lm/dollar respectively. In addition, the average luminous efficiency of 40W and 60W grades was the highest. Toshiba in the Japanese market is 84.2 lm/W and 107.8 lm/W, respectively. In December 2016, the average price of 40W and 60W LED bulbs in the US was 15.9 and 20.5 USD respectively, down 7.6% and 2.4% respectively from October. The spread between the two was enlarged to US$4.6.

Confocal Laser Scanning Microscopy (CLSM) consists of confocal microscopy, laser and data acquisition system. It is a combination of the optical microscope, the modern laser technology, Raman detection technology, scanning control technology, computer image processing technique and fluorescence labeling technique. Its application and research field include the observation of life living cell structure and specific molecular, Ion biological changes, pharmacology, genetics, spectroscopy and related subjects. Specific applications such as: stochastic optical reconstruction microscopy(STORM), fluorescence lifetime-transient scanning(FLITS), fluoresence recover after photobleaching(FRAP), stimulated emission depletion(STED)etc.

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Application of CNI laser for Confocal Laser Scanning Microscopy from customers                                                                                       

(1) Antimicrobial Photodynamic Efficiency of Novel Cationic Porphyrins towards Periodontal Gram-positive and Gram-negative Pathogenic Bacteria
    (Photochemistry and Photobiology, Volume 90, Issue 3, pages 628–640, May/June 2014) (CNI-635nm)


(2) Calcium Dynamics in Root Cells of Arabidopsis thaliana Visualized with Selective Plane Illumination Microscopy (PloS one, 2013, 8(10): e75646.)         (CNI-442nm)


(3) Fluoxetine induces vasodilatation of cerebral arterioles by co-modulating NO/muscarinic signalling (Journal of Cellular and Molecular Medicine,              Volume 16, Issue 11, pages 2736–2744, November 2012) (CNI-532nm)

(4) Fluorescence ghost imaging with pseudothermal light (Optics Letters, Vol. 36, Issue 16, pp. 3302-3304 (2011)) (CNI-473nm)

(5) Improved Temporal Resolution and Linked Hidden Markov Modeling for Switchable Single-Molecule FRE (ChemPhysChem, Volume 12, Issue              3, pages 571–579,February 25, 2011) (CNI-532nm)

(6) Near-field Raman imaging using optically trapped dielectric microsphere (Optics Express, Vol. 16, Issue 11, pp. 7976-7984 (2008)) 
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(7) Ultra-high resolution Raman imaging by optically trapped dielectric microsphere (NanoScience+ Engineering. International Society for Optics and           Photonics, 2008: 70330E-70330E-7) (CNI-532nm)


(8) Luminescence enhancement in nanocomposite consisting of polyvinyl alcohol incorporated gold nanoparticles and Nile blue 690 perchlorate  

    (Applied Optics, Vol. 53, Issue 31, pp. 7177-7181 (2014)) (CNI-532nm)


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