Pure electric sanitation car usher in a good opportunity Under the pressure of energy supply and environmental protection, the development of new energy vehicles has been included in the national strategy. In 2014, the “Guiding Opinions of the General Office of the State Council on Accelerating the Popularization and Application of New Energy Vehicles†proposed that pure electric drive is the main strategic orientation for the development of new energy vehicles, and the use of public service vehicles as a breakthrough for the promotion and application of new energy vehicles. Sanitation system as part of the public service sector, the demonstration and promotion of new energy vehicles, the city government will also purchase the use of electric sanitation vehicles as part of the work plan for the promotion of new energy vehicles. From the perspective of the promotion and application of environmental sanitation, pure electric sanitation vehicles have become the main target for the promotion of the use of electric sanitation vehicles by government departments. Pure electric sanitation vehicles have the advantages of relatively simple and mature technology, convenient charging, zero emissions, and low noise, which can significantly reduce the content of atmospheric pollutants and reduce the problem of disturbing people during operations. In the past two years, as government agencies at all levels continue to increase financial subsidies for the promotion and application of new energy vehicles in sanitation and other public service areas, pure electric sanitation vehicles have ushered in a “blowout†type development, and the pure electric sanitation vehicle industry also welcomes A good opportunity for development. As of the announcement of the 273th batch of “Vehicle Production Enterprises and Products†issued by the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology, the number of effective announcements for electric vehicles has reached 207, involving 19 models of 46 environmental sanitation vehicle conversion companies. More companies pay attention to pure electric sanitation vehicles As part of the public service sector, sanitation system is one of the key areas for the promotion and application of new energy vehicles in the country. The demonstration and promotion of new energy vehicle cities governments are actively promoting the application of new energy vehicles in the public service sector, and continuously increase investment in the improvement of pure electric sanitation. The proportion of vehicles operating in the newly added sanitation vehicles is also accelerating the construction of supporting charging facilities. The development of pure electric sanitation vehicles has become overwhelming. There will be more and more companies launching electric sanitation car projects. Looking into the future, with the progress of urbanization, urban roads will be prolonged, and domestic garbage will continue to increase. The pressure on environmental protection will also increase. In addition to increasing the number of electric sanitation vehicles, the sanitation system also urgently requires pure electric sanitation vehicles with large one-way garbage load and long one-way operation time. The increase of garbage load and the extension of operation time are based on the light weight, high rated load quality and long battery life of a pure electric sanitation vehicle. This requires the chassis and the conversion enterprises of pure electric sanitation vehicles to manage Sanitary car body, chassis, tops and other structural components are lightweight and lightweight components such as drive motors and power batteries are selected. With the continuous deepening of research on key parts and components of new energy vehicles, successive challenges have been overcome by technical difficulties, new energy vehicle batteries with large capacity, high specific energy, fast charging, small size, and low quality, as well as high power density, high power factor, and volume Small, low-quality, high-performance permanent magnet motors will have a broader application prospect in pure electric sanitation vehicles, while carbon fiber composite materials with small density, good rigidity, and high strength will become the body, chassis, and tops of pure electric sanitation vehicles. The important development direction of major structural components such as materials. Pure electric sanitation car knowledge Pure electric sanitation cars in three categories The classification of pure electric sanitation vehicles according to garbage collection and transfer vehicles, excrement vehicles, and road surface cleaning vehicles can be classified into three categories. From the point of view of vehicle types, pure electric garbage trucks, pure-electric garbage trucks, and pure electric garbage transfer vehicles actually belong to the category of pure electric dump trucks. Pure-electric road sweepers are classified as pure electric sweepers. , The total mass of 3.5t below the pure electric road maintenance vehicles belong to pure electric cleaning vehicles. Small pure electric sanitation cars dominate the mainstream As of the “Announcement of Vehicle Manufacturers and Products†(Ministry 273) issued by the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology, the total mass of 2-2.5t announcements is large, including pure-electric dump trucks, pure-electric self-loading garbage trucks, and pure vehicles. The total mass of evacuable garbage trucks and electric drum transporters in the electric compartment is 17, 12, 25, and 15, respectively, accounting for 1/30 of the total number of announcements. The number of vehicle announcements with a total mass of 3-3.5t also reached 40, accounting for nearly one-fifth of the total number of announcements. It can be seen that the small pure electric sanitation vehicles with a total mass of 3.5t or less account for the mainstream of the market. Increase in the number of manufacturers of pure electric sanitation vehicles Up to the “Announcement of Vehicle Manufacturing Enterprises and Products†(Ministry 273) of the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology, the total number of announcements of the top 15 enterprises of pure electric sanitation vehicles was 153, accounting for 73.9%. Among them, Beijing Hualin Special Vehicles Co., Ltd. and Beijing Tianlutong Technology Co., Ltd. were the first batch of conversion companies that had the announcement of the pure electric vehicle (the 193th batch of the “Vehicle Production Enterprise and Product Announcementâ€). The announcement models of pure electric environmental sanitation vehicles are pure electric garbage compression vehicles and pure electric vacuum cleaners. From the announcement of the first batch of pure electric sanitation vehicle products in the “Vehicle Production Enterprises and Products Announcement†No. 193 wholesale cloth to the pure electric sanitation product announcement in the 273th wholesale cloth, the production enterprises with the announcement of the pure electric sanitation vehicle have started from the first two companies. Of the 46 companies that have been developed, the number of announcements for electric vehicles has also increased from the first two to 207, which shows that the number of announcements has grown rapidly. So far, some of the electric vehicles built by the refitting companies have not been included in the announcement. They are not required to have vehicle announcements or vehicle announcements for purely electric environmental sanitation equipment, and some pure-electric sanitation vehicle announcements developed by some sanitation vehicle manufacturers are being filed. Or public announcement. Analysis of key parts of pure electric sanitation vehicles At present, the chassis of the domestic electric vehicle is generally based on the traditional commercial vehicle chassis platform, and the corresponding power changes and structural adjustments are made under the premise of keeping the chassis frame unchanged and the operating principles of the steering system, transmission system, and braking system unchanged. , Develop and deploy electric drive systems, power battery systems, and energy management systems for pure electric vehicles. When choosing the chassis of a pure electric sanitation vehicle, the type, the total mass, and the working characteristics of the modified vehicle must be taken into consideration. The chassis power battery and the drive motor must be coordinated with the top-loading structure. The chassis of pure electric sanitation vehicles mainly uses lithium iron phosphate batteries. In addition, some chassis use lead-acid batteries, ternary lithium-ion batteries and lithium manganese batteries. Lithium iron phosphate battery has a more mature technology than ternary lithium ion battery, high safety, low price, relative to the lead-acid battery capacity, operating temperature range, longer life, higher specific energy and other advantages In the previous period, lithium iron phosphate batteries became the mainstream power-type lithium battery used in pure electric sanitation vehicles. As lithium iron phosphate batteries have poorer low-temperature performance and lower specific power than ternary lithium-ion batteries, it is difficult to achieve a breakthrough. With the advancement of technology, the safety issue of Sanyuan Lithium batteries has been improved and solved. More and more new energy auto companies in China are equipped with three-cell lithium batteries with higher capacity, higher specific energy, and better low-temperature performance for pure electric vehicles. In order to meet the demand for longer battery life and higher load quality for pure electric sanitation vehicles, in the future, replacing the lithium iron phosphate battery with a lightweight ternary lithium battery will be a trend in the development of pure electric sanitation vehicle power batteries. In the models of garbage collection and trans-shipment, in addition to the evacuable garbage trucks for pure electric vehicles, other models need to be frequently started and parked during the work process to perform transition and loading operations. Transfer operations generally take a long time and are long. The time is at low speed. In other words, the drive motor of a pure electric sanitation vehicle usually requires frequent starting and stopping, acceleration and deceleration, high torque at low speeds and climbing, and low torque when traveling on the field. Therefore, the chassis of a pure electric sanitation vehicle needs to select a drive motor with small self-heavy weight, small size, high power density, high torque density, high efficiency, and good reliability according to the requirements of various sanitation vehicle work characteristics, vehicle speed, and load. The existing electric drive systems for electric vehicles are generally used permanent magnet synchronous motors, and some models use AC asynchronous motors. Permanent magnet synchronous motor has high control accuracy, high torque density, high power density, high efficiency, small size, low noise, good torque stability, etc., so the cost of permanent magnet synchronous motor decreases and reliability Increased, permanent magnet synchronous motor drive system will be more widely used in pure electric sanitation vehicles.
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Pure electric sanitation car
Affected by policies, pure electric sanitation vehicles or market trends
Affected by the policy, electric municipal sanitation vehicles will become the development trend in the next few years. At present, the private consumption environment of new energy vehicles is not yet mature, and the promotion of domestic new energy vehicles is still mainly in the public domain. Therefore, following Beijing, Shanghai and other cities requesting a certain percentage of the government procurement of sanitation vehicles, the procurement of sanitation vehicles in other cities in China will also show new energy.