Discussion on the Measurement of Electromagnetic Flowmeter

Abstract: Flow metering is the eye of industrial production. It plays an important role in ensuring product quality, improving production efficiency, and promoting the development of science and technology. The status and role of flowmeters in the national economy is increasingly evident.

Flow metering a wide range of applications Flow metering is widely used in industrial and agricultural production, national defense construction, foreign trade in scientific research and people's lives in various fields. In the oil industry production, from the oil exploitation, transportation, smelting and processing to trade sales, the flow meter runs through the whole process, and any one link can not be separated from the flow meter. Otherwise, the normal production and trade exchanges of the oil industry will not be guaranteed. In the chemical industry, inaccurate flow meters can cause imbalances in the distribution of chemical components, fail to guarantee product quality, and serious production safety accidents. In the electric power industry, the measurement and regulation of the flow of liquids, gases, steam, etc. occupy an important position. The accuracy of the flow metering not only has great economic significance for ensuring that the power plant operates under the optimal parameters, but also with the development of high-temperature and high-pressure large-capacity units, flow measurement has become an important link to ensure the safe operation of the power plant. If the instantaneous capacity of the large-capacity boiler is interrupted or reduced, it may cause a serious pan or explosion. This requires that the flow measurement device should not only accurately measure, but also issue an alarm signal in a timely manner. In the iron and steel industry production, the flow measurement of circulating water and oxygen (or air) in the steelmaking process is one of the important parameters for ensuring product quality. In light industry, food, textile and other industries, it is also inseparable from the flow measurement.

In agriculture, such as farmland water conservancy, meteorological wind speed, and even some agricultural machinery, such as the characteristic test of motorized sprayers and water pumps, flow measurement is also required.

In the field of national defense construction, with the development of space technology, considerable demands have been placed on flow measurement. Such as spacecraft and nuclear submarines, nuclear power control, can not be separated from the flow meter; Rocket dynamometer test a negative large amount of liquefied fuel, if the flow is not allowed, not only the economic losses, and the range will deviate from thousands of kilometers; anti-chemical equipment Flow meters are also indispensable; some military projects even use thousands of meters.

In scientific research and foreign trade, flow measurement also occupies an important position and role. Water, gas, natural gas, and oil are closely related to people's daily life.

The content of flow measurement is that flow is a dynamic quantity, and flow measurement is a complicated technology. From the measured fluid, it includes three kinds of fluids with different physical characteristics: gas, liquid and mixed fluid; from the condition of measuring fluid flow, it is also varied, for example, the temperature can be measured from high temperature to At very low temperatures, the pressure at the time of measurement can range from high pressure to low pressure; the flow rate to be measured can range from small to large flows; the flow state of the fluid being measured can be laminar flow, turbulent flow, and so on. In addition, liquids also have different viscosity levels. Therefore, in order to accurately measure the flow rate, it is necessary to study the flow measurement methods of different fluids under different conditions and provide corresponding measurement instruments. This is one of the main tasks of flow metering. Because the characteristics of the fluid being measured are so complex, the measurement conditions are different, resulting in a variety of different measuring methods and measuring instruments.

Obviously, if there is no unified method for verifying the accuracy of flow metering, then the process requirements for mass production must be ensured and it is impossible to guarantee equal exchange of trade. In addition, there must be a set of standard methods for recurring flow units and verification systems for the use of small flow meters. Another major content of flow metering is to study the discovery method and verification system of the flow unit, and establish a base and standard device for flow measurement to ensure the accuracy of the value transfer and flow measurement.

Before the meter is shipped or used, the metering performance must be tested or verified to ensure product quality and accuracy of use. To this end, it is necessary to establish a standard device that reproduces the unit value of the flow. The so-called flow standard device refers to a measuring device that can provide an accurate flow value. As for the structure, principles, technical requirements and verification methods of various flow standard devices, detailed information will be provided on this site.

A Brief History and Prospect of Flow Metering Flow measurement has been a hallmark of human civilization since ancient times. The Egyptians used the Nile flowmeter to predict the quality of the year. Ancient Romans diverted water from the ditches and used orifice plates to measure the flow. However, due to economic production, until the 1950s, the main flow meters used in the industry were only orifice plates and floater flow meters. The range of measured media is also narrow, and the measurement accuracy only meets the low-level production needs. After the Second World War, with the rapid development of the international economy and science and technology, flow meters have become increasingly important and flow meters have rapidly developed. In order to satisfy different kinds of fluid characteristics and flow measurement under different flow conditions, flowmeters developed and put into use in the past 30 years have flowmeters, volumetric flowmeters, vortex flowmeters, electromagnetic flowmeters, and ultrasonic flowmeters. Meters and other dozens of new flowmeters.

There are more than 100 kinds of flowmeters that have been put into operation before the end of the world, and there are nearly 20 kinds of domestically established ones. With the automation of industrial production and the development of pipelines, flow meters have become an increasingly important part of the overall meter production. According to domestic and foreign data, the flow meters used in different industrial sectors account for 15-30% of the total number of meters. With the rapid development of flow meters, standard flow devices have also been developed rapidly, and flow-rate transfer networks have been formed. At present, high-precision flow rate standards for water, oil, gas, and steam have been established at the national, provincial, and municipal metrological agencies to ensure the accuracy and consistency of their flow values.

In spite of this, due to the complexity of flow measurement technology and the rapid development of science and technology, new and higher requirements are put forward for flow metering. The current situation of flow metering is far from meeting the needs of production, and there are a large number of flow metering technical issues that need further study. solve. The main problems are as follows:

• The variety, specification, accuracy, and reliability of flow meters cannot yet meet production requirements. Especially for corrosive fluids, dirty fluids, highly viscous fluids, multi-phase fluids, extra-large flow rates, and small flow rates, it is necessary to develop effective measurement methods.

• The flow standard device can not meet the verification requirements of the flowmeter, especially the standard device of the field liquid flowmeter, which is an urgent problem to be solved in the current situation in China.

• The flow metering technology level needs further improvement.

• The large gap in the deployment of flow meters directly affects industrial cost accounting and economic management.

The existence of the above problems directly affects the development of flow metering, which has attracted the attention of various countries, and all solutions are discussed.

The trend of development of flow meters adopts new technologies and development of new flow meters. With the development of science and technology, new technologies such as ultrasonics, lasers, electromagnetics, nuclear technology, and microcomputers have been introduced into the field of flow metering. This has led to the development of indirect technologies for non-contact and non-moving parts. Flow sensors tend to be electronic and digital and open up new possibilities for flow measurement. field. The new flow meter requires a non-contact flow digital model concise; wide range, linear, digital; linear high, low price, easy maintenance.

Develop special flow measurement studies to increase flow, high viscosity fluids, cryogenic flow, multiphase flow, high and low pressure gas flow measurements, and more.

On-line verification of standard devices for flowmeters. Most of the verifications of the flowmeters currently use the offline verification method. Although the flowmeter verified by this method has been corrected for errors, due to the great difference between the test conditions and the conditions of use of the flowmeter, additional usage errors are caused and the measurement accuracy is reduced. Online solid-liquid calibration is the fundamental method to solve this problem. The main problem of online solid-liquid calibration is the rational design of standard devices. Current mobile standard devices and standard flow meters are standard devices that people value. But there is a certain distance from the utility.

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